R: zliczanie kolejnych dni

Question

Mam problem z rozwiązaniem tego, mam DF z listą danych liczbowych. Na przykład coś takiego:

DATE  TIME  ID 
2014-02-14 15:02 1 
2014-02-15 15:12 1 
2014-02-16 08:34 2 
2014-02-17 02:02 2 
2014-02-19 11:02 1 
2014-02-20 15:42 1 
2014-02-22 16:02 2 
2014-02-25 15.02 1 
.... 

Teraz chcę zrobić funkcję, która mierzy długość okres kolejnych dni, ale chcę funkcja mieć możliwość ustawienia kilku dni, że terminy są można rozdzielić (domyślnie = 1 dzień). Dane wyjściowe powinny być DF, które ma wiele wierszy na ID (jako że reprezentują one wiele okresów aktywności) i na kolejne okresy powinny pokazywać liczbę dni tego okresu. Przykład wyjścia powinien wyglądać następująco:

ID  periodID  days 
1   1   2 
2   1   2 
1   2   2 
.... 

Pierwsze pytanie brzmi: jak skonstruować DF w ten sposób? Po drugie, jak mogę to rozszerzyć, aby uzyskać dane wejściowe w funkcji, która zapewnia, że ​​daty, które są np. 2 lub 4 dni od siebie są uwzględnione w tym samym okresie (czyli nie po kolejnych datach, ale daty mogą być> 1 dzień od siebie)?

EDIT Oto fragment oryginalnego zbioru danych pracuję nad (zauważ, że istnieje wiele punktów danych w tym samym dniu, ale czas jest ignorowany, tylko sprawy data).

date time ID 
24-10-14 10:47:36 1 
24-10-14 10:52:19 1 
24-10-14 10:56:47 1 
24-10-14 10:58:57 1 
24-10-14 11:39:18 1 
24-10-14 12:03:27 1 
24-10-14 12:19:22 1 
24-10-14 12:43:22 2 
24-10-14 12:44:42 2 
24-10-14 12:55:47 1 
24-10-14 12:58:15 3 
24-10-14 14:12:35 1 
24-10-14 14:29:20 1 
24-10-14 14:42:27 1 
24-10-14 14:43:49 1 
24-10-14 15:49:46 1 
24-10-14 16:03:21 1 
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24-10-14 18:33:17 1 
24-10-14 18:34:18 1 
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Answer 1

Możemy użyć dplyr. Po pierwsze, przekształcić dane w odpowiednim formacie data:

z$date <- as.Date(as.character(z$date), format = "%d-%m-%y") 

Teraz funkcję:

library(dplyr) 
runchecker <- function(data, days){ 
    data %>% arrange(date) %>% 
      group_by(ID) %>% 
      mutate(diff = c(0, diff(date)), 
        periodID = 1 + cumsum(diff > days)) %>% 
      group_by(ID, periodID) %>% 
      summarise(days = last(date) - first(date)) 
} 

i wezwać go na swoje dane:

runchecker(data, 1) 
Source: local data frame [4 x 3] 
Groups: ID [?] 

    ID periodID days 
    (int) (dbl) (dfft) 
1  1  1 0 days 
2  2  1 3 days 
3  3  1 0 days 
4  4  1 0 days 

NB swoje dane ma bardzo mało zmiany terminów lub luki, może zawierać lepszy zestaw danych do testowania?