ImportError: Brak modułu o nazwie matplotlib

Question

Program Matplotlib działał dobrze kilka miesięcy wstecz. Ale teraz otrzymuję błąd:

ImportError: No module named matplotlib 

Ponownie zainstalowałem matplotlib za pomocą pip. To nie zadziałało. Użyłem easyinstall. Wciąż nie działa.

instalacja pip daje

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): matplotlib in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib-1.5.0-py2.7-macosx-10.6-intel.egg 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): numpy>=1.6 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): python-dateutil in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/python_dateutil-2.4.2-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pytz in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pytz-2015.7-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): cycler in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cycler-0.9.0-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyparsing!=2.0.0,!=2.0.4,>=1.5.6 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyparsing-2.0.6-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six>=1.5 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six-1.10.0-py2.7.egg (from python-dateutil->matplotlib) 

Następnie użyłem

sudo -E pip install matplotlib --upgrade 

po którym dostał

The directory '/Users/ruskin/Library/Logs/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the debug log has been disabled.  Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag. 
The directory '/Users/ruskin/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag. 
You are using pip version 6.1.1, however version 7.1.2 is available. 
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command. 
The directory '/Users/ruskin/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag. 

kontynuował modernizację matplotlib ale w końcu mam

Requirement already up-to-date: python-dateutil in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/python_dateutil-2.4.2-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already up-to-date: pytz in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pytz-2015.7-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already up-to-date: cycler in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cycler-0.9.0-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already up-to-date: pyparsing!=2.0.0,!=2.0.4,>=1.5.6 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pyparsing-2.0.6-py2.7.egg (from matplotlib) 
Requirement already up-to-date: six>=1.5 in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six-1.10.0-py2.7.egg (from python-dateutil->matplotlib) 
Installing collected packages: numpy 
    Found existing installation: numpy 1.9.1 
Uninstalling numpy-1.9.1: 
    Exception: 
    Traceback (most recent call last): 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 246, in main 
     status = self.run(options, args) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 352, in run 
     root=options.root_path, 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 687, in install 
     requirement.uninstall(auto_confirm=True) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_install.py", line 730, in uninstall 
     paths_to_remove.remove(auto_confirm) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/req/req_uninstall.py", line 126, in remove 
     renames(path, new_path) 
    File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 292, in renames 
     shutil.move(old, new) 
    File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/shutil.py", line 303, in move 
     os.unlink(src) 
    OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy-1.9.1.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst' 

Answer 1

W systemie OS X, nigdy nie instaluj modułów Pythona jako root, jest szybką receptą na nie kończące się awarie.

Użyj parametru --user dla pip w celu zainstalowania modułów dla bieżącego użytkownika tylko, jak:

localhost:~ sorins$ which python 
/usr/local/bin/python 

python -m pip install --user --upgrade matplotlib 

Należy także pamiętać, że używasz poprawnych tłumaczy Python, jak to się dzieje często dla PIP myl się i zainstaluj moduł w lokalizacji, która nie jest zawarta w pythonie PATH (sys.path).